OCTOBER - BREAST CANCER AWARENESS MONTH

“What is it about breasts? Every second person in the world has them. They are odd looking, they’re for milk and your mother has them…”   - As many will recall this was from the 1999 movie Notting Hill.

Yes, they are odd looking, and everyone has them, but for women this is a bit different. They change over time and age and it’s crucial that women get to know their normal.

BIG OR SMALL, LET’S SAVE THEM ALL!

Breast cancer is when abnormal cells in the breast begin to grow and eventually form a growth (tumour) which can spread within and beyond the breast. Anyone can get breast cancer, but it is most common in women. Breast cancer can often be found early on a mammogram, which can save lives and improve treatment outcomes.



BREAST AWARENESS

If you have breasts, you need to know what is normal for you.

92% of breast cancers are survivable when found early. Knowing the normal look and feel of your breasts can help you spot a change quickly.

 

KNOW YOUR BREASTS

Regularly check your breasts to know what’s normal for you. if you spot a change, get it checked by a doctor!


It’s as easy as TLC: Touch, Look, Check

There’s no ‘right’ way to check your breasts. But it's important to know your normal and check regularly for any unusual changes.

Your breasts will change over the course of a month. Overtime you will learn what is normal for you when you touch and look regularly.

If you’ve found something that doesn’t seem normal, it’s important to chat with your doctor.

TOUCH

 

Touch is about using your hands to feel for changes that aren’t normal for you. This may be a lump, thickened area, or anything that feels totally different from any other area in your breasts.

Standing or sitting

You can touch your breasts in a number of positions, wherever or whenever it suits.

It may be easier to check your breasts while you’re in the shower or bath, as your hands are wet. This makes it easier to slide your hand over your breasts.

An easy way to check your breasts is to:

  1. Raise one arm above your head.

  2. With the flat of your fingers press into your breast, feeling for any changes, softly at first and then more firmly.

  3. Check the entire breast area, from your collarbone to under your breast, and from the side of your breast up into your armpit. A good way to do this is to move your hands over your breasts, in an up and down or in a circular motion. This is an easy way to make sure you’ve checked the whole area.

  4. Repeat on the other breast

Lying down

If you have larger breasts, it may be easier to check when you’re lying down so your breast tissue is flatter.

  1. Place a folded towel underneath one shoulder and put your arm above your head.

  2. Using your other hand, check all over your breast, including the nipple, up to the collarbone and under your arm. Swap the towel to your other shoulder and repeat on the other side.

look

 

This is a very important part of TLC, as some breast cancers are detected by visual changes to your breast or nipples. Be aware of any discharge coming from the nipple (without squeezing).

With your hands on your hips, look at your breasts in a mirror. Notice their shape, colour and size. Then raise your arms above your head to check underneath the breast.

Check out the video above for more information on how to self-check.

check

 

It can be scary to find a change that doesn’t feel or look normal, but it’s important to get any concerning signs checked out by your GP, even if you’ve had a mammogram recently.

Most breast changes aren’t caused by cancer but check with your doctor to be sure. If you’ve had a breast change checked out by your GP and they aren’t concerned but it continues to grow or change, it’s important to go back and have it checked again or seek a second opinion.

If you’re not sure about talking to your GP, tell someone you trust, like a girlfriend or your mum. They can support you to see your GP. BCFNZ also has nurses available, who can give you free advice. Get in touch at 0800 226 8773 or breastnurse@bcf.org.nz.


 

MAMMOGRAMS

Find out when you should start having mammograms and why, and whether you can get them for free.

A mammogram is a safe, low-dose x-ray of the breast that can pick up very small breast cancers, well before a lump can be felt.

Women have a 95% chance of surviving breast cancer five years or longer if the cancer is detected by a mammogram. Because the risk of breast cancer increases as you get older, BCFNZ recommends women consider having regular screening from age 40. From age 45, you can book your free mammogram with BreastScreen Aotearoa! Freephone 0800 270 200


 

RISK FACTORS

Some people have a higher risk of breast cancer than others. Know your risk and what you need to do.

1 in 9 women will develop breast cancer at some time in their life.

This is a lifetime risk, which means that for every nine women who live to be 85, one will have developed breast cancer at some time in her life. Your risk for breast cancer is influenced by many factors including gender, lifestyle and genetics.

Read more about what you can do, and discussions you might want to have with your GP.


 

LOOK AFTER YOUR BREAST AT ANY AGE


BREAST CANCER

If you’ve been diagnosed with breast cancer you’re bound to have questions.

Outlined is the essential information, from diagnosis all the way through to treatment, to help you understand what you’re going through.

 

BREAST FACTS

Breast cancer occurs when abnormal breast cells grow in an uncontrolled way, usually forming a tumour.

Breast cancer is most likely to occur in women over the age of 50, but young women and men can get it too. It's most treatable when it’s found early, so it's important that you know what to look out for.

What is breast cancer?

Breast cancer is the result of abnormal gene “mistakes” or mutations, which are usually acquired over time as we age. These mutated cells grow and multiply in an uncontrolled way. Read more HERE

Breast cancer in NZ

Breast cancer is the most common cancer for Kiwi women and the third most common cancer overall. We cover some fast facts, age risks and diagnosis rates. Read HERE.

Breast anatomy and development

To understand breast cancer, it’s important to know what makes up healthy breasts, and how they develop. Read more HERE

Men get breast cancer too

For the most part, your treatment will be the same as it is for women with breast cancer. Find out what to expect through diagnosis, treatment, and life afterwards. Find out more HERE


 

TYPES OF BREAST CANCER

Everyone’s breast cancer is different.

Your treatment pathway and prognosis will be influenced by many factors, from the cancer’s size and spread to your own age and sex.

What type of breast cancer do you have?

  • DCIS and LCIS
    This type is sometimes called pre-invasive or Stage 0 cancer. Find out what this means for you.

  • Invasive breast cancer
    Learn about your kind of invasive breast cancer, and what this means for your treatment.

  • Receptor status

    The results of these tests will indicate whether certain treatments, particularly hormone therapy and targeted treatments, might be appropriate for you based on the receptor status of your breast cancer. You will receive your receptor status information in your pathology report.

  • Breast cancer in young women

    If you’re a young woman recently diagnosed with breast cancer, you’re not alone. Learn more HERE


 

TEST & DIAGNOSIS

If you've been recalled after a mammogram, you'll need to go through a few more tests.

This will involve a clinical breast examination and an ultrasound or extra mammogram views to clarify the nature of something which was seen on your screening mammogram. A biopsy may be necessary to diagnose an unusual change or lesion in your breast.

It's important to know most women recalled for assessment don't have breast cancer.

Although most breast changes are a result of benign (non-cancerous) breast conditions, a proper assessment is essential for an accurate diagnosis.

You will be referred to a breast specialist for a clinical examination of both breasts, further imaging as appropriate and if necessary, a biopsy which removes cells or a small amount of tissue for diagnosis. This is known as the Triple Test.

  • The Triple Test

The most reliable way to diagnose breast cancer is through a 'triple test'. Learn more about this process and what to expect. LEARN MORE

After your tumour is removed during surgery, it’s sent to a pathology laboratory for analysis. The pathologist will compile a report of the findings and your breast specialist will discuss the results with you. Learn more about what information your pathology report will contain. LEARN MORE

  • Breast cancer stage & grade

Every breast cancer diagnosis is given a stage and a grade. These, along with the type of cancer, help to determine what treatment is best. LEARN MORE

  • Gene expression profiling

Pathologists use tests to determine the size, stage, grade, lymph node involvement, and receptor status of a tumour. LEARN MORE


 

TREATMENT OPTIONS

After you've been diagnosed, your specialist team will meet to review your pathology results and plan a course of treatment.

This is known as a multidisciplinary team meeting (MDT) and is attended by the clinicians involved in your diagnosis and treatment. This would normally include your surgeon, a radiologist who views and reports on the imaging, a pathologist who reports the findings from the surgical specimen, a medical oncologist who assesses the need for chemotherapy and/or hormone therapy and a radiation oncologist who advises whether radiation therapy is necessary. Breast care nurses and radiographers will also usually attend these meetings.

Your specialist will discuss the recommendations with you afterwards and then you can decide on the option that you feel most comfortable with.

Treatment for breast cancer can be given both locally (surgery and radiation therapy) and systemically (chemotherapy, targeted therapy, hormone therapy).

Each treatment plan is individualised, as no two cases of breast cancer are exactly the same. It is important to understand why a particular treatment plan has been recommended for you and what the expected outcomes and possible side effects are. Many people find that it helps to take a friend or family member to appointments to help remember what is discussed, and to take notes.

Cancer treatments can be complex so don't be afraid to ask for clearer explanations. Remember that no treatment is undertaken without your consent.

Follow the link below to learn more about the types of treatments options available and questions to ask.


 

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

 

REDUCE YOUR RISK

 

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